Colorado Cosmetology Written Practice Exam

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Which of the following effects on your body is caused by the endocrine system?

Bone growth
Hormone balance
Immune response
Nervous reactions

The correct answer is: Bone growth

The correct choice regarding the effects of the endocrine system on the body is bone growth. The endocrine system is responsible for regulating various bodily functions through hormones, which are chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream to target organs and tissues. One of its key roles is in the regulation of growth and development, including the growth of bones. Hormones like growth hormone (produced by the pituitary gland) and sex hormones (such as estrogen and testosterone) play significant roles in bone development, density, and overall skeletal health. For example, estrogen is important for bone maintenance, and during puberty, growth hormone contributes to the accelerated bone growth that occurs. While hormone balance is a critical function of the endocrine system, the specific choice of bone growth directly highlights a physical outcome of hormone action, particularly in terms of skeletal development. The contributions that hormones make to the immune response and nervous reactions also reflect the endocrine system’s broader impact, but they do not distinctly represent one main function as bone growth does.